Additional references proposed at Sessional Meeting, 22 September 2008.

Role of medicine, lifestyle and the environment

Fogel, Robert. The escape from hunger and premature death, 1700-2100.  Cambridge University Press, 2004

Kirkwood, Tom The end of age. Reith lectures 2001
http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/reith2001/

Nolte, E. & McKee, C. M. "Measuring the health of nations: updating an earlier analysis".  Health Affairs (2008) 27(1): 58-71

Riley, James. Rising life expectancy: a global history.  Cambridge University Press, 2001

Age groups

Gavrilov, L. A. & Gavrilova, N. S. The biology of life span. A quantitative approach. [English translation of Russian ed] Harwood: Academic Publishers. , 1986

Kannisto, V. Development of oldest-old mortality, 1950-1990. Evidence from 28 developed countries. Odense Monographs on Population Ageing, 1. Odense: Odense University Press, 1997

Thatcher, A.R.; Kannisto, V & Vaupel, J.W. The force of mortality at ages 80 to 120.  Odense Monographs on Population Ageing, 5. Odense University press, 1998

Causes of death

Bajekal, Madhavi, Osborne, Velda, Yar, Mohammed, Meltzer, Howard (eds) Focus on health. ONS, 2006
http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_compendia/foh2005/Health_FullReport.pdf

Greenberg, Morris & Coleman, Michel P. Medical research at the Office for National Statistics. A review. HMSO, 2000
http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_health/SMPS65book.pdf

Macdonald, C. Scoping mortality research. Report of the Mortality Research Steering Group. Presented to the Faculty of Actuaries on 14 January 2008 and to the Institute of Actuaries on 22 September 2008. Forthcoming in the British Actuarial Journal

O'Reilly, D. "Trends in mortality statistics in Northern Ireland".  Journal of the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland (2006) 35: 219-234
http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/Product.asp?vlnk=14059

Cancer

Coleman, Michel et al "Socioeconomic inequalities in cancer survival in England and Wales" Cancer (2000) 91: 208-216
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/76506066/PDFSTART

Quinn, Mike et al (eds) Cancer atlas of the United Kingdom and Ireland 1991-2000. ONS, 2005
http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/Product.asp?vlnk=14059

Coronary heart disease

Ford, Earl S et al. "Explaining the decrease in US deaths from coronary disease, 1980-2000" New England Journal of Medicine (2007) 356: 2388-2398

O'Flaherty, Martin & al "Coronary heart disease trends in England and Wales from 1984 to 2004: concealed levelling of mortality rates among young adults" Heart (2008) 94: 178-181

Unal, Belgin, Critchley, Julia Alison & Capewell, Simon "Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality in England and Wales between 1981 and 2000" Circulation (2004) 109: 1101-1107 

Cohorts

Kannisto, V. et al. " No increased mortality in later life for cohorts born during famine".  American Journal of Epidemiology (1997) 145: 987-994

Frailty

Lally, F. & Crome, P. "Understanding frailty".  Postgrad. Med. J. (2007) 83(975): 16-20

Rockwood, K et al. "Failure to complete performance-based measures is associated with poor health status and an increased risk of death". Age Ageing (2007) 36(2) 225-228

Bergman, H. et al "Frailty: an emerging research and clinical paradigm. Issues and controversies". J. Gerontol. A Biol Sci. Med. Sci (2007) 62(7) 731-737

Fried, L. P. et al "Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype" J. Gerontol. Med. Sci (2001) 56A(3) M146-M156

Future trends

Government Actuary's Department. National population projections: Review of methodology for projecting mortality.  HMSO, 2001. 117 pp. 

Wong-Fupuy, C. & Haberman, S. "Projecting mortality trends: recent developments in the United Kingdom and the United States".  North American Actuarial Journal (2004) 8(2): 56-83.

Mortality statistics

Lancaster, H.O. Expectations of life: a study in the demography statistics and history of world mortality. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990. 

Perks, W. "On some experiments on the graduation of mortality statistics". Journal of the Institute of Actuaries (1932) 63: 12-40